不积跬步无以至千里
JOURNAL: Journal of autism and developmental disordersEmpathy in Autism Spectrum Disorder.自闭症谱系障碍中的移情（同理心）Harmsen Irene E;Institute of Medical Science; Faculty of Medicine;University of Toronto; Medical Sciences Building;1 King’s College Circle; ON; M5S 1A8; Canada.irene.harmsen@mail.utoronto.ca.;ABSTRACT: Empathy is an essential component of human social life. It requires the ability to understand another"s mental state and respond with an appropriate emotion or action. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder(ASD) have been described to exhibit atypical empathic responses which limit communication and social interactions. This review highlights the clinical characteristics and mechanisms underlying empathy in ASD by summarizing 61peer-reviewed articles. Studies characterized empathic differences due to sex,age, intelligence, and disorder severity and provided valuable insights intothe roles that genetics, neural networks, and sensory processing have ineliciting empathy. This knowledge will lead to improved diagnostics and therapies to improve social cognition, emotional recognition, and the empathic response in patients with ASD.同理心是人类社会生活的重要组成部分。要求能够理解他人的精神状态并以适当的情感或行为做出反应。自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的个体表现出表现出非典型的共情反应，从而限制了其交流和社交互动。这篇综述通过总结61篇同行审评的文章，重点回顾ASD患者共情的临床特征和机制。研究描述了性别、年龄、智力和疾病严重程度而引起的共情差异，并为遗传学、神经网络和感觉处理引起共情的作用提供了有价值的观点。这些认识能够改进ASD的诊断和治疗方法，以改善ASD患者的社交认知、情绪识别和共情反应。KEYWORDS: Asperger syndrome; Autism; Autism spectrum disorder;Autistic traits; Empathy;关键词：阿斯伯格综合症，自闭症，自闭症谱系障碍，自闭症特征，同理心
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