有关自闭症的词语英语

Autism, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a developmental disorder that affects communication, social interaction, and behavior. It encompasses a wide range of symptoms and severity levels, hence the term "spectrum."

Some common terms related to autism in English include:

1. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD): The official term for a range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech, and nonverbal communication.

2. Aspergers syndrome: A developmental disorder that is characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, alongside restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests.

3. Pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS): An older term that was used to describe individuals who displayed some, but not all, of the typical characteristics of autism or Aspergers syndrome.

4. Neurodiversity: The idea that neurological differences among individuals should be recognized and respected as part of human diversity. This concept aims to promote acceptance and inclusion of people with autism and other neurological variations.

5. Sensory processing disorder: Many individuals with autism experience atypical responses to sensory stimuli, such as over-responsiveness or under-responsiveness to sensory input. This can affect their ability to process and integrate sensory information.

6. Echolalia: The repetition of phrases, words, or noises spoken by someone else. It is a common characteristic of speech in many individuals with autism, though not all individuals with autism display this behavior.

7. Applied behavior analysis (ABA): A therapeutic approach that uses principles of learning theory to bring about positive behavior changes. ABA is commonly used to teach new skills and reduce problem behaviors in individuals with autism.

8. Social communication disorder: A condition that affects an individuals ability to use verbal and nonverbal communication for social purposes. It shares some similarities with autism but does not necessarily include the repetitive behaviors and restricted interests associated with ASD.

9. Special education: Programs and services designed to meet the educational needs of individuals with disabilities, including those with autism.

10. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC): A set of methods and tools that support or replace speech and writing for individuals with communication impairments. This can be particularly beneficial for nonverbal individuals with autism.

Understanding these terms can help individuals better comprehend the diverse experiences and needs of people with autism, as well as contribute to fostering a more inclusive and supportive society for those on the autism spectrum.

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